Which technique involves applying the brake just before stopping to avoid skidding?

Threshold braking is a technique that involves applying the brakes firmly just to the point before the wheels begin to lock up. This method ensures that the maximum braking force is achieved while maintaining control of the vehicle. By utilizing threshold braking, a driver can effectively stop the vehicle while minimizing the risk of skidding, particularly on slippery surfaces.

In this technique, the driver must be aware of the vehicle's dynamics and brake modulation, allowing for a balance between stopping power and traction. This approach is crucial in emergency situations or when navigating challenging road conditions, as it maintains steering control during the braking process.

The other techniques serve different purposes or may not be as effective in preventing skidding under hard braking. For instance, pumping the brakes may help in certain situations but can delay stopping time. Trail braking is used primarily for cornering, and controlled braking generally refers to applying brakes in a consistent manner without any specific focus on avoiding wheel lock-up. Each of these techniques has its application, but threshold braking is specifically designed to enhance stopping efficiency and control while reducing the chance of losing traction.